Introduction

Reduced Lineside Signaling was to be introduced on the Copenhagen Airport Link, but be used in all future installations on lines with ATC. Following shortly after was the resignaling of the Århus station. The Reduced Lineside Signaling caused some debate, leading to Århus stations being converted to ordinary signals (a rather simple matter as the case was), except for two Exit Signals still being without advance signaling capability. On the Airport Link the debate lead to changes in operational rules, to lineside signs and markers, and to some extent also to the signals. It was then decided to start a research project on the signaling concept of the future, and to leave this one line as it was until the research project has come to a conclusion. The Airport Link is therefore to be considered a loner not to be repeated, and possibly to be changed within the next years.

Signal Types

Signal types are as on conventional signals marked by a plate on the signal mast. Entry Signals always carry a Station Name Sign. Exit Block Signals always carry a Reduced Speed Sign and Exit Signals for the right main track carry a Switch Limit Sign:

Platform Exit and Dwarf Signals are identical to regular signals. Platform Exit Signals always carry a Reduced Speed Sign on their mast:

"Reduced" Signal Aspects and Indications

Trains with active cab signals may receive a more favorable indication than what lineside signals indicate. Cab signal will govern in such cases.

"Stop" (Danish: "Stop"

Signal Type	Entry Signal	Entry Block Signal	Platform Exit Signal	Exit Block Signal	Exit Signal	Automatic Block Signal
Stop	X	X	X	X	X	X

"Stop and Proceed" (Danish: "Stop og Ryk Frem")

Signal Type	Entry Signal	Entry Block Signal	Platform Exit Signal	Exit Block Signal	Exit Signal	Automatic Block Signal
	N/A	N/A
Stop, then proceed with caution to next Main Signal			X	X	X	X
Maximum speed 40 km/h (25 mph)			X	X
Maximum speed 60 km/h (40 mph) - or less if so prescribed					X	X
Route cannot be guaranteed to be unoccupied			X	X

"Proceed" (Danish: "Kør")

Signal Type	Entry Signal	Entry Block Signal	Platform Exit Signal	Exit Block Signal	Exit Signal	Automatic Block Signal
Proceed to next Main Signal	X a)	X	X	X	X	X
Trains with active Cab Signal: Cab signal will govern	X	X	X	X	X	X
Trains without active Cab Signal: Prepare to stop at next Main Signal	X a)	X	X	X	X	X
Trains without active Cab Signal: Maximum speed as prescribed	X	X	X	X	X	X

"Proceed Through" (Danish: "Kør Igennem")

Signal Type	Entry Signal	Entry Block Signal	Platform Exit Signal	Exit Block Signal	Exit Signal	Automatic Block Signal
	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A	N/A
Proceed			X
Trains with active Cab Signal: Cab signal will govern			X
Exit Block Signal (if any) and Exit Signal show "Proceed"			X a)
Trains without active Cab Signal: Maximum speed as prescribed			X

"No Passing" (Danish: "Forbikørsel Forbudt")

Signal Type	Platform Exit Signal	Dwarf Signal
Stop	X	X

"Pass with Caution" (Danish: "Forsigtig Forbikørsel Tilladt")

Signal Type	Platform Exit Signal	Dwarf Signal
The signal may be passed with caution. The route may be occupied	X	X

"Pass" (Danish: "Forbikørsel Tilladt")

Signal Type	Platform Exit Signal	Dwarf Signal
The signal may be passed. The route is clear	X	X

"Canceled" (Danish: "Signalet Annulleret")

Signal Type	Platform Exit Signal	Dwarf Signal
Pretend the signal does not exist. The canceled signal is not in itself a permission to start switching	X	X

Reduced Lineside Signaling Usage

Omitting Speed Signaling

In station exit ends the lack of speed signaling is no different from traditional signaling.

Omitting Advance Signaling

An exception to this rule is that Platform Exit Signals shows "Proceed Through" when a primary exit route past the Exit Signal is clear. The reason for this exception is technical, since the Platform Exit Signal ATC interface does not allow for easy omission of the "Proceed Through" aspect if reasonable functionality is to be retained:

"Proceed Through" in Platform Exit Signals

In all other cases the Platform Exit Signal shows only "Proceed", i.e. in case of the exit route not being clear past the Exit Signal:

Or the exit route being a secondary route:

As with traditional signaling, several higher speed exit routes may be signaled identically by the "Proceed Through" aspect in the Platform Exit Signal:

Platform Exit Signals as Station Block Signals

The unusual use of the Platform Exit Signal means that a train may be signaled to proceed from one Platform Exit Signal to the next by the "Proceed" aspect:

In traditional Danish signaling the "Proceed" aspect from a Platform Exit Signal means that following Platform Exit Signals also show "Proceed" (or better), and that the first possible signal at "Stop" is the Exit or Exit Block Signal. The use of Platform Exit Signals as Station Block Signals is not in itself contradictory to ordinary signaling rules, only to the practice applied so far. Until a few years ago, however, the Nyborg ferry station featured a similar arrangement for trains traveling between the ferry platforms and the ordinary station platforms.

No advance signaling is given when traveling from Platform Exit Signal to Platform Exit Signal:

Only when the traditional conditions are fulfilled (clear past the Exit Signal) may the Platform Exit Signals show "Proceed Through":

To or From Ordinary Signaling

Trains traveling towards the Reduced Lineside Signaling experiences ordinary signaling through the transition station. The Exit Signal, however, only shows "Proceed", as this is a "reduced" signal:

Trains leaving the Reduced Lineside Signaling sees the last Automatic Block Signal as the last "reduced" signal, as the transition station Entry Signal displays ordinary aspects:

Peculiarities